Space & Astronomy/Space and Astronomy (October 1993).iso/mac/TEXT/SPACEDIG/V12_5/V12_530.TXT

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Subject: SPACE Digest V12 #530

SPACE Digest                                     Volume 12 : Issue 530

Today's Topics:
           Jonathan's Space Report, Oct 23
         HLV Designs (was Re: you Can't Expect A Spa)
       Re: You Can't Expect a Space Station to be Cheap
            Re: MAN-RATED SRBS (WAS RE: JU
             Re: LNLL Inflatable Stations

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Date: 3 Nov 90 17:47:03 GMT
From: frooz!cfa250![e-mail]  (Jonathan McDowell)
Organization: Harvard/Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Subject: Jonathan's Space Report, Oct 23
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Jonathan's Space Report
Sorry about delays... access to the net has been spotty lately

Oct 23 1990 (no.57)
----------------------------------------------------

Tanking tests on Atlantis and Columbia are set for the next week.
Discovery is in the orbiter processing facility.  Launch of Atlantis is
expected around Nov 10 with the AFP-658 recon satellite.

Gennadiy Manakov and Gennadiy Strekalov continue in orbit aboard the
Mir/Kvant/Kvant-2/Kristall/Soyuz TM-10/Progress M-5 complex. The
spacewalk has been delayed to Oct 30 because Strekalov has a cold.

Pioneer 11, in the outer solar system, is experiencing
communications difficulties.

The Kosmos-2102 recon satellite began a 2 month mission on Oct 16,
in a 184x338 km orbit at 62.8 degrees inclination.


BOOK PLUG:***:

 "The Soviet Cosmonaut Team" by Gordon Hooper. Available
from GRH Publications, 2 Wayne Close, Gunton 2001, LOWESTOFT,
Suffolk NR32 4SX, England. 2 vols, paperback, 22 pounds sterling
for sea mail, about 35 pounds sterling for airmail. (01144 502 508585)

This book gives complete biographies of all the Soviet cosmonauts
and cosmonaut trainees, updated to July 1990. It includes discussions
of how the cosmonauts were trained, missions that were planned but
never flew, details of previously unknown cosmonaut trainees. Quality
and accuracy are excellent throughout. Another example of the fine
work done by the British Interplanetary Society's Soviet space analysts.
Disclaimer: I have no connection with Gordon Hooper or GRH Pubs., I
just think its a good book.

Since news is light this week, here's a summary of the current
Soviet cosmonaut team, with selection dates, drawn from Hooper's book
and from Soviet sources: [This list may be incomplete; and I have omitted
cosmonauts who are still officially attached to the team although no longer
eligible for flights. The 1965 engineers who have not yet flown must
be somewhat unlikely to get a chance now, in their fifties.]

Soviet Air Force Cosmonaut Detachment

1960    Boris Volynov, Commander of Detachment (inactive)
1965    Yevgeniy Khludeev
1965    Edvard Stepanov
1967    Vladimir Lyakhov (Soyuz 32,T9,TM6)
1967    Yuriy Malyshev (Soyuz T2,T11)
1970    Anatoliy Berezovoy (Soyuz T5)
1970    Nikolai Fefelov
1976    Vladimir Titov (Soyuz T8,TM4)
1976    Aleksandr Volkov (Soyuz T14,TM7)
1976    Anatoliy Solov'yov (Soyuz TM5,TM9)
1978    Aleksandr Viktorenko (Soyuz TM3,TM8)
1987    Gennadiy Manakov (Soyuz TM10; in orbit)
1987    Viktor Afanas'ev
1987    Anatoli Artsebarskiy
1987    Yuriy Gidzenko
1987    Vladimir Dezhurov
1987    Valeriy Kazun
1987    Yuriy Malenchenko
1987    Vasiliy Tsibliev
1989    Yuriy Anufrienko
1989    Sergei Krichevskiy
1989    Gennadiy Padalko

Civilian cosmonaut group

1973    Gennadiy Strekalov (Soyuz T3,T8,T11,TM10; in orbit)
1978    Aleksandr Serebrov (Soyuz T7,T8,TM8)
1978    Aleksandr Laveykin (Soyuz TM2)
1978    Musa Manarov (Soyuz TM4)
1978    Aleksandr Balandin (Soyuz TM9)
1980    Svetlana Savitskaya (Soyuz T6,T12)
1980    Irina Pronina
1980    Ekaterina Ivanovna
1985    Sergei Krikalyov (Soyuz TM7)
1985    Aleksandr Kaleri
1985    Andrei Zaitsev
1985    Sergei Yemelyanov
1987    Sergei Avdeev
1989    Nikolai Budarin
1989    Elena Kondakova
1989     Aleksandr Polishchuk
1989    Yuriy Usachyov

Institute of Medical-Biological Problems Cosmonaut-Physician Team:

1972    Valeriy Polyakov (Soyuz TM6)
1976    German Arzamazov, Aleksandr Borodin
1982    Elena Dobrokvashina, Larisa Pozharskaya, Tamara Zakharova
1983    Yuriy Stepanov
1984    Robert Dyakonov, Anatoli Zhernovkov

Ministry of Aviation Buran Test Pilots

1983    Mohammed Tolboev, Ural Sultanov
1985    Yuriy Sheffer, Sergei Tresvyatskiy, Viktor Zabolotskiy
1988    Yuriy Prikhodko

Air Force Buran test pilots

1979    Ivan Bachurin,Aleksei Boroday,Nail Sattarov
1983    Leonid Kadenyuk
___________________________________
|Current STS status:              |
|Orbiters                         |
|                                 |
|OV-102 Columbia        LC39B     |
|OV-103 Discovery       OPF Bay 1 |
|OV-104 Atlantis        LC39A     |
|                                 |
|ML/ET/SRB stacks                 |
|                                 |
|ML3/STS-35/ET/OV102    LC39B     |
|ML1/STS-38/ET/OV104    LC39A     |
|ML2                    VAB       |
-----------------------------------


(c) 1990 Jonathan McDowell

------------------------------

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Date: 5 Nov 90 00:55:53 GMT
From: [e-mail]  (SERRE GLENN)
Organization: University of Colorado, Boulder
Subject: HLV Designs (was Re: you Can't Expect A Spa)
References: <[e-mail]>
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In article <[e-mail]> [e-mail] (Charles Radley) writes:
>From: ghudson
>Date: Tue, 30 Oct 90 21:24:34 EST
>To: cradley
>Any "HLV" will require new engines, built from scratch.  This is

Actually, this is not quite true.  The following are two options for a Titan IV
upgrade to "HLV" (if you mean ~100K pounds when you say "HLV").

1)  Raise core diameter to ~14 feet (from 10 feet) to provide twice the volume.
    Supply Stages I and II with twice the current number of engines, the same
    engines as are currently flying ( makes 4 for Stage I, 2 for Stage II. ).
    Put 4 SRMs around Stage I (Salt to taste :-) and launch.

2)  Develop LRBs for Titan (They would be stretched 14 foot diameter cores with
    4 engines each and cross-feed to Stage I, which would burn in parallel with
    the LRBs.)
    Substitute LRBs for the SRMs in option 1) (No added salt :-) and launch.

Note that neither of these options require new engines, and that option 2) uses
engines that been flying since the first Titan II was launched.

A further option, one that I would like to see, is to strap two Titan IVs
together ( a la the Delta HLV proposal), build an payload adapter for the top,
and launch.


--Glenn Serre
[e-mail]

------------------------------

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Date: 5 Nov 90 01:21:18 GMT
From: [e-mail]  (SERRE GLENN)
Organization: University of Colorado, Boulder
Subject: Re: You Can't Expect a Space Station to be Cheap
References: <[e-mail]>, <[e-mail]>, <[e-mail]>
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In article <[e-mail]> [e-mail] (Doug Mohney) writes:
>The space station is a research facility, not a commercial facility (yet). If

Actually, the question that bothers me most about both the NASA and the
LLNL station is "Why so big?"  Since we (the U.S.) seem to have little, if any,
usable experience in launching, assembling, operating, and maintaining space
stations, it seems to me that we would want to start small and build up
incrementally.  Like, first we launch a 86' x 16' 8" (this is the max. size of
a Titan IV Payload fairing, by the way) lab, then stick another one on the
first, ...  Personally, I think we should can both the NASA and the LLNL
stations and start small.

Only my $.02, but I would be interested in why a big station is better than a
small one.



--Glenn Serre
[e-mail]

------------------------------

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Date: 26 Oct 90 20:51:00 GMT
From: agate!bionet!uwm.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!samsung!munnari.oz.au!metro!cluster!ultima![e-mail]  (Ralph Buttigieg)
Organization: A Fidonet node - admin is [e-mail]
Subject: Re: MAN-RATED SRBS (WAS RE: JU
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In a message to All on Oct 23 1990, you wrote:

> From: [e-mail] ([Shuttle Assasin])
> >--
>         Just a 'by the wayside', there is also a group of guys in
> Australia working on a launch vehicle using hybrids. Of the launch
> people in Australia - Ausroc and Australian Launch vehicles - I think it is
> the ALV mob that is developing the hybrid version (or 'scoring' them from
> somewhere else.)

ALV will be using conventional solid rocket motors. They will buy them from
the U.S. Ausroc, intends to eventually build a hybrid rocket.

 Ralph Buttigieg

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Date: Sun, 4 Nov 90 14:52:00 -0500
From: "Allen W. Sherzer" <[e-mail]>
To: [e-mail]
Subject: Re: LNLL Inflatable Stations
Newsgroups: sci.space
In-Reply-To: <[e-mail]>
Organization: Evil Geniuses for a Better Tomorrow
Cc:

In article <[e-mail]> Bruce Dunn writes:
>> The stuff is out there. Write your Congresscritters and ask!

>     Allen, some of us don't have Congresscritters because some of us aren't
>American.  This is an international network (this is a reminder, not a flame).

I apologize for being insensitive tnonhe non-American readers of this net. In
my zeal to try and get this moving I did forget you where out there.

>I think that it would be widely appreciated if you would post a summary of what
>the LLNL inflatable station is supposed to be like, along with comments on
>differences from Freedom where appropriate.

The LLNL Earth Station is a LEO space station intended to support a fuel
depot in LEO and provide testing for a lunar base. The Earth Station consists
of six inflatable modules connected at each end with a airlock in the center.
It looks something like this where (===) is a module and () is the airlock:

           (===)(===)(===)()(===)(===)(===)

Each module consists of a meteor bumper and thermal blanket. After that is
a containment envelope surrounding the compartments which is inflated to
2.5 PSI. Next comes the compartments with a central corridor (each at
7.5 PSI). Each module haf four levels for a total of 24 levels in the
station (not counting the airlock).

There are two options for the crew compartment. One has a fabric and the
other a hard floor. The fabric floor is cheaper, provides greater volume
and easier packaging. However, although it will leak less, leaks will be
harder to find. The hard floor weighs less and is easier to attack things to
at the cost less volume and greater assembly cost.

The entire station rotates providing 1G at the ends. Rotation is at 4RPM
but could be modified as needed.

The station is built on the ground with everything inside. Any on orbit
assembly is done in shirt sleeves. It will be practice inflated and the
crew can practice assembly on the ground.

After final testing, the entire Earth Station is deflated and packed
into a Delta or Titan derived HLV and launched. The crew follows on
a Delta, Atlas, or the Shuttle. They inflate the station and dock.
After the commander has verified the interior environment is stable,
the crew enters and does final assembly.

In terms of differences with Freedom, the LLNL station is bigger but
provides a little less power. It also would require free flying platforms
to be associated with it for microgravity. I suspect the CDSF or a
modified Spacelab would do just fine.

>I for one would like to see some
>weight figures, and get some sense of what the inflatable looks like relative
>to Freedom.

Weight of the entire outfitted Earth Station is 40.4 tonnes. Each compartment
is a cylinder 5 meters across and 2.5 meters high. In the center of each
compartment is a 1 meter central corridor running the length of the ship.
There are 24 compartments not counting the airlock. This station has three
times the habitable volume per crew as Freedom.

>I don't immediately see why having an inflatable structure gives
>advantages (aside from the other differences in design from Freedom).

This station costs a lot less than Freedom, weighs less than freedom
(dispite its high volume), and compresses to be launched in one HLV
flight or two Titan IV flights (Freedom will take over 50 flights of
the Shuttle). Most of this advantage is due to the use of inflatables.

Finally, to get more information see:

1. Avation Week Jan 22, 1990 for an article on the overall Great
   Exploration
2. NASA Assessment of the LLNL Space Exploration Proposal and LLNL
   Responces by Dr. Lowell Wood LLNL Doc. No. SS 90-9. Their address
   is: PO Box 808 Livermore, CA 94550 (the NASA authors are unknown).
3. Briefing slides of a presentation to the NRC last December may
   be available. Write LLNL and ask.
4. Conceptual Design Study for Modular Inflatable Space Structures, a
   final report for purchase order B098747 by ILC Dover INC. I don't
   know how to get this except from LLNL or ILC Dover. I don't have
   an address for ILC.

Hope this answers your questions, if you have more please post or
email them and I'll try and get an answer.

  Allen

--
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Allen W. Sherzer| I had a guaranteed military sale with ED-209. Renovation |
|   [e-mail]  | programs, spare parts for 25 years. Who cares if it      |
|                | works or not?  - Dick Jones, VP OCP Security Concepts    |

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End of SPACE Digest V12 #530
*******************